ABSTRACT
La celulitis orbitaria es la causa más frecuente de inflamación aguda de la órbita y constituye una urgencia oftalmológica relativamente frecuente y potencialmente grave en la población pediátrica. La inflamación puede extenderse a la región postseptal, y afectar el contenido de la órbita. La relación anatómica de la órbita con estructuras vecinas como los senos paranasales, es clave para entender la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad; aparece, en la mayoría de las ocasiones, como complicación de una sinusitis. Se presenta una paciente de cinco años de edad, con diagnóstico de celulitis orbitaria secundaria a una sinusitis. La descripción de las características clínicas de la enfermedad y su manejo en este caso, puede aportar información útil para el mejor abordaje de la entidad. Se concluye que los elementos fundamentales son el diagnóstico temprano y la atención multidisciplinaria.
Orbital cellulitis is the most frequent cause of acute swelling of the orbit and is a relatively frequent ophthalmological emergency and potentially serious in the pediatric population. The inflammation may extend to post septal region, and affect the orbit content. The anatomical relation of the orbit with their neighboring structures as paranasal sinuses is the key to understand the etiopathogenesis of the disease; a case of a five-year-old patient is presented, with a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis secondary to sinusitis. The description of the clinical characteristics of the disease and its management in this case, may offer useful information for a better approach of this entity. It is concluded that the main elements are early diagnosis and multidisciplinary evaluation.
Subject(s)
Female , Child, Preschool , Frontal Sinusitis/complications , Orbital Cellulitis/diagnosis , Orbital Cellulitis/therapy , Orbital Cellulitis/etiologyABSTRACT
As doenças que acometem a órbita de forma aguda e não traumática por vezes não são conhecidas por médicos em centros de emergência. Essas condições são decorrentes de diversos fatores, como desordens imunológicas, congênitas, infecciosas, vasculares, entre outras. As causas infecciosas correspondem a mais de 50% de todos os casos e requer rápido diagnóstico e conduta para minimização de sequelas. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) é o exame de imagem de primeira linha nesses casos, sendo geralmente disponível nos centros de emergência e capaz de fornecer auxílio diagnóstico de forma rápida, precisa e eficaz. Esse artigo de revisão visa descrever os principais aspectos tomográficos da órbita aguda infecciosa, correlacionando-os com os dados da literatura.
The acute and nontraumatic diseases that involve the orbit are often little known by most physicians. These conditions are due to several factors, such as immune disorders, congenital, infections, vascular, among others disorders. The infectious causes correspond to more than 50% of all cases and require rapid diagnosis and management in order to minimize sequels. Computed tomography (CT) is the first line imaging method on these cases, generally being available in emergency centers and capable to provide an accurate, quick and effective diagnostic information. This review article aims to describe the main tomographic findings in acute orbit infections, correlating them with the literature data.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orbital Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Orbital Cellulitis/diagnostic imaging , Orbit/diagnostic imaging , Orbital Diseases/therapy , Sinusitis/complications , Acute Disease , Dacryocystitis , Dermoid Cyst , Abscess , Orbital Cellulitis/therapy , Petrositis , Mucocele , MyiasisABSTRACT
La celulitis orbitaria usualmente ocurre como complicación de infecciones de los senos para nasales, y la etiología es principalmente bacteriana. Para realizar un diagnóstico e implantar terapéutica temprana tiene gran importancia reconocer las manifestaciones clínicas de la sinusitis y las edades más afectadas, pues dada su ubicación anatómica, pueden complicarse también con infecciones del sistema nervioso central, que en la edad pediátrica tienen una connotación especial. Se presentan aquí dos pacientes de 10 y 14 años de edad respectivamente, que desarrollaron celulitis orbitaria en un caso, y celulitis frontal y empiema en el otro; así mismo, se muestran los medios diagnósticos utilizados para identificar signos tempranos de posibles complicaciones, con el objetivo que el pediatra pueda identificarlos, así como la terapéutica implantada para dar solución o evitar estas complicaciones
Orbital cellulite generally occurs as a complication of paranasal sinus infections and the etiology is mainly bacterial. It is very important to recognize the clinical manifestations of sinusitis and the most affected ages to make a correct diagnosis and to apply early treatment, since its anatomical location may bring complications with central nervous system infections which, at pediatric ages, can acquire special significance. Here are two patients aged 10 and 14 years, who developed orbital cellulitis in one case and frontal cellulitis and empyema in the other. Likewise, the diagnostic means used to identify the early signs of possible complications were presented, in order that a pediatrician can detect them, as well as the treatment to solve or to prevent these complications
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Orbital Cellulitis/diagnosis , Orbital Cellulitis/therapy , Frontal Sinusitis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The authors report the case of na eighteen years old patient with a clinical picture of orbital abscess caused by ethmoid sinusitis. The decision for surgical intervention results from correlation between clinical findings and from the image diagnosis.
Relato de um caso de uma paciente de 18 anos com um quadro clinico de abscesso orbital causado por sinusite etmoidal. A decisão pela intervenção cirúrgica resultou da correlação entre achados clínicos e do diagnóstico dos exames de imagem.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Drainage/methods , Abscess/therapy , Endoscopy/methods , Orbital Cellulitis/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ethmoid Sinusitis/complications , Ethmoid Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Exophthalmos , Abscess/etiology , Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Orbital Cellulitis/etiology , Orbital Cellulitis/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Celulite orbitária é o processo infeccioso dos tecidos orbitários, de etiologia das mais variadas possíveis. É uma afecção importante, devendo ser rapidamente diagnosticada e tratada em virtude do caráter progressivo, podendo comprometer estruturas anatômicas nobres e, em alguns casos, levar o indivíduo a óbito. O presente estudo teve como objetivo relatar um caso raro de celulite orbitária bilateral e fazer uma revisão breve da literatura, enfatizando pontos importantes no tocante às características clínico-imaginológicas e discutindo, de forma clara e sucinta, a conduta adotada no caso em questão, ressaltando a importância do tratamento precoce.
Orbital cellulitis the infectious process of the orbital tissues, of extremely varied etiology. It is an important pathosis, which should be promptly diagnosed and treated by virtue of its progressive nature, for it may compromise major anatomic structures and even, in some cases, lead to death. The aim of the present study is therefore to report a rare case of bilateral orbital cellulitis and make a review of the literature, emphasizing the clinical and imaging features of the lesion, the management adopted and the importance of early treatment.